*11 The painful, brutal abuse of horses is commonplace in America today. An articulate Tennessee walking horse might describe the suffering he endures as a result of a soring process that makes each step painful, and forces him into the unnatural high-stepping gait, that horse show judges and audiences applaud.

.Soring a horse’s front hoof and forelegs can be accomplished a number of ways. Heavy chains are used during training to produce an exaggerated high stepping gait. Nails are driven into the tender sole of a horses hoof, or the hoof wall is cut to the quick.

Chemical irritants such as diesel fuel, kerosene, or mustard oil arc rubbed on the low forelegs in pursuit of blue ribbons or a smoother ride.

Many thoroughbred race horses are injected with pain-masking drugs, steroids, and or other dangerous substances to enable them to run while injured or to enhance their performance.

The cost to the animal can be painful cartilage and tendon deterioration. Some crippled horses end up at the slaughterhouse, where they may arrive in worse condition because they are routinely crammed into double deck trailers designed for smaller animals. A twelve hour trip without water can lead to gouged eyes, broken bones, and other untreated injuries.

fumes and being hit by cars and trucks are only the most obvious problems and dangers they must endure.

Many carriage horses are older animals that are not physically fit to haul people around under any circumstances and certainly not on congested city streets.

 *12They are called puppy mills because they breed puppies by the thousands, which is lucrative. They are by and large unscrupulous breeders without regard for the interest of the animals. Congenital defects such as deafness, epilepsy, hip dysplasia, and behavioral problems may be attributed to puppy-mill breeding. The mills sell their pathetic victims to pet shops, that in turn foist them on fleeceable customers, not yet aware that a shelter is a better alternative.

 *13 To put as many as five egg-laying chickens into a one square-foot cage where they will spend the rest of their lives is to brutalize them. The same may said about the new born male chicks that are discarded in plastic bags where most suffocate before being ground up for chick feed and fertilizer.

The same may be said about female pigs that are bred constantly. They must be strapped to the floor of their tiny cages during birth and while nursing, if they are not to crush their babies.

The same charge of brutality is applicable to the cruel practice of making cows into milk machines by keeping them pregnant. And, tyranny is the appropriate charge for the trauma of both mother and baby that is taken from its mother to become (depending on gender) either veal chops or another tyrannized cow, ad infinitum.

 *14 The Sri Lankans dispatch dolphins by harpooning, spearing, drowning, hacking, shooting, and other violent methods.It was estimated in the early 190s that 62,000 dolphins were killed each year by a combination of netting and harpooning.

 *15 It was in the l960s that the Association for Biomedical Research touted the “sophistication” of dissecting higher animals. Thus the subsequent dissection of 100,000 cats annually symbolized sophistication without precedent. The chain of supply starts with the licensed animal broker that procures cats from various legal and illegal sources such as animal shelters and “free to good home ads.” A group in Mexico paid children $1 for each cat brought in, which were then drowned and shipped to America. An undercover investigation of a large biological supply company revealed that they were obtaining live cats and then embalming them, often while thc cats were still alive.

 *16 The investigation at a fur farm revealed a farmer killing foxes by anal execution, a slow and painful method denounced by the American Veterinary Medical Association. They found animals with painful untreated injuries that were exposed to ice and snow They also witnessed live chickens used to fecd the foxes being forced feet first into a grinder.

 *17 It was in China that David Usher allegedly witnessed a defanged lioness mauling cows, sheep, goats, chickens, and other farm animals to death. He described it as a gruesome, earthshaking, noisy torture, in which cows often took over an hour to stop shrieking and struggling.

Two or more dogs were brought into the cage on leashes, taunted by trainers until they were furious, and then unleashed to destroy each other.

Cockfights were to the death. Large dogs such as Alsatians and Labrador were put into a cage with a cow, whose tail was ripped off, legs grossly maimed, and ears ripped off and shredded. Large dogs were similarly used to kill small goats and chickens.

This happened in a theme park in Chendu, owned by Huaxin corporation, a multinational based in Singapore.

 * 18 The kitten had wandered into a university building looking for warmth against the cold air. Unfortunately the build­ing was Tolman Hall, headquarters of UC Berklev Professor Jonathan Doe. Twenty four hours later the kitten would be dead, her body drained of blood, her brain dissected. Isolated instance?

In this very same building a monkey had lain for weeks in excruciating pain, slowly dying from gangrene and neglect... death being the only solution to its terrible pain and suffering. The veterinarian who put this poor animal out of his misery later wrote to Professor Doe:

“it was necessary today to euthanize one of your primates. I do not make a practice of euthanizing research animals without the concurrence of the investigator, but in this case, the necessity was obvious... The perineal area and the entire scrotum were necrotic and gangrenous with full thickened skin death. Tthe feet and ears were also involved. ‘[he animal was in such discomfort that he could not climb to his lixit to drink and was observed by the animal technician and myself attempting to drink his own urine...

Another isolated incident?

For years, students and veterinarians have documented instances of tiny kittens screaming with pain from inadequate anesthesia, of dirty surgery, filthy conditions, and neglect of unbelievable proportions. They have told of the refusal of Professor Doe and his staff to follow recommendations of veterinarians and federal agencies, even going so far as to prevent veterinarians from treating sick and suffering animals. uncensored University documents revealed autopsy reports on animals that died in Doe’s laboratory. The reports revealed a continuing pattern of animal suffering negligence and abuse: Sick and suffering animals, paralyzed and experimented on for days at a time. Monkeys and cats dying of brain infections. Some of the animals were so weak, they never recovered from surgery. Others were simply found dead in their cages.

In his basement laboratory, monkeys and cats have stereotaxic devices screwed and bolted into their heads, portions of their skulls removed, and electrodes inserted into their brains for up to 100 hours at a time.All this was taking place to determine how humans perceive color!

 *19 For years the cold and impenetrable walls of the Letterman Army Institute reverberated with the screams of suffering animals. Dogs, cats, monkeys, pigs, sheep, rabbits, and mice were brutalized day after day, in excruciatingly painful biological, chemical, and nuclear warfare experimentation.

J.P. Novic, formerly a member of the over sight committee at the Letterman Army Institute of Research, relived her own painful experiences: “The treatment of animals was absolutely despicable.. .the suffering was immense. Primates were housed in cages so small they could barely stand up. Most had become psychotic...some banging their heads on the cages. ..others crouched in a corner, head in hand.” She finished her recollections with a heartfelt plea, “please do not allow UC San Francisco to go in there and continue the horror.

 *20 Hlidden cameras have caught live animal vendors at Asian style markets countless times in atrocities-not just in San Francisco, where the markets are a heated public issue, but in virtually every U.S. and Canadian city with a Chinatown. Frogs are typically piled in large containers or confined in wire cages without food or water. Turtles have been seen having their shells sliced from their bodies while fully alive and being hacked and pounded repeatedly with dull knives before be­ing decapitated. At one market, an investigator found a turtle still moving with carapace cut open and its internal organs displayed in full view of the shoppers.

Many animals, including birds and mammals, arc boiled to death, in the belief that adrenaline released by pain and fear enhances the flavor and medicinal value of the flesh, especially for men.

 *21 In East Bernard, Texas, members of a local high school baseball team brutally tortured and killed Tiger, a cat, be­cause he defecated on the baseball diamond; in Barstow, Honda, two boys hung and dismembered a dog with a weed eater; and in Hamilton, Tennessee, three boys shot and killed a neighborhood dog by repeatedly shooting BBs into his mouth. Reports to The Animal Legal Defense fund cruelty line indicate that crimes against animals are occurring every day, in all areas of the country.

 *22 Kiev, Ukraine. Investigators at the Budka death factory heard animal screams outside the gates and discovered that

20,000 stray cats and dogs a year were being snatched from the streets, brutally killed and skinned for leather.

(That Budka factory was shut down).

In China, government-approved dog beating squads round up pets from the streets and cats are drowned in boiling water to be cooked for dinner.

 *23 UC San Francisco. In vision “research” vivisectors surgically implant monkeys with eye coils and head implants, be­fore inserting electrodes into their brains. The eyes of kittens arc punctured with hypodermic needles, their brains with electrodes. The brains of cats are destroyed through the use of electrical currents.

The eyes of kittens are stitched shut before inserting electrodes into their brains. They are killed several weeks later. In hearing research, this vivisector destroys portions of the brains of cats using “sharpened watchmaker’s forceps.” She then inserts electrodes into the brains, allowing the cats to live 8 to 12 weeks before killing them.

In pain research, the spinal cords of monkeys are severed, allowing them to live 2 to 3 days before killing them to remove their brains.

 *24 In impotence research, this vivisector tyrannizes dogs and monkeys to study penile erection by implanting compres­sion devices (pumps) and electrodes inside their penises. Dogs that develop infections or acute urinary retention arc
immediately killed.

In studying how drugs affect penile erection, the abdomens of dogs are opened to implant probes before the dog’s entire penis is denuded, which is followed by the placement of two 21-gauge needles in the organ.

 *25 inspired by the notorious California downers law, the new Colorado Law was designed to allow diseased and disabled animals to be sent to slaughter, regardless of their suffering. Whether or not such philistinism engendered the following behavior is an open question. The assault at the Turlock Live stock Auction (TLA) was brutal and mindless. Angered by visitors from Farm Sanctuary (FS), the manager of TLA mercilesslv beat to death a critically ill calf who had the misfor­tune of being in the wrong place the wrong time. First the calf was beaten over the bead with a stick. When it became apparent that he was still alive, the calf was beaten with a hammer. Following this, the calf suffered more minutes before dying.

 *26 Kelly Tansy, a former Ringling Brothers performer, told his story to PAWS about the tyranny of the circus! Yes, tyranny! His first day with the circus included his baptism in cruelty. An elephant was being beaten so mercilessly and efficientlv that she screamed! This sort of treatment, he soon learned, was the modus operandi, a necessary procedure. It was necessary, of course to lock up the chimps in small cages when they were not entertaining and to keep the elephants chained as Tansy put it continuously. lt was even necessary to beat animals while they performed, for which it was es -sential that the trainer have a weak demonic mind in a strong body. “It sure as hell is necessary to use the coercive power of electricity to train an elephant, and don’t believe anybody that denies it.” (This came from another trainer.) Tansy ex­plained that animals can’t have anything near a decent life while on the road with the circus.

*27 In the United States alone, more than $45 million has been poured into sleep deprivation experiments since 1993. Millions more are spent around the world. Many of these experiments involve rats, priniates, cats, mice, and rabbits, and despicable methods have been devised to keep these animals from satisfying their basic need to sleep. Cats, who normally nap on and off throughout a 24-hour period, are tied to moving treadmills and forced to walk to the point of collapse.

*28 Similar methods are used in other countries. Experimenters at the Universite Claude Bernard in France recently cemented electrodes to the skulls of cats and then forced them to keep afloat on narrow platforms in water drums for an agonizing 24 hours. At the University of Helsinki, experimenters kept 3-month old rats awake on tiny water platforms for three days! Adrian Morrison, at the University of Pennsylvania, has received more than $1 million for sleep deprivation experiments. In one experiment he suctioned out pieces of the cat’s brain and then watched what happened when they weren’t allowed to sleep. In other studies he electrically burned out portions of cat’s brains, used plexiglass devices to keep them from shutting their eyelids, and crushed their spinal cords with jeweler’s forceps.

 * 29 Mother and baby manatee were swimming calmly in a warm, shallow water inlet between sessions of nursing. Thc mother fed along the bottom on sea grass, her favorite food. In the distance came the whine of a speed boat: teenagers on an outing, skimming along at 25 knots on a favorite Florida saltwater river. As the boat and its vicious spinning propeller drew close, the boys swerved to avoid a tall signpost in the middle of the river. The mother manatee also turned, swim­ming towards her calf. In an instant, the boat’s bow bounced twice over submerged objects. The outboard engine however, jerked up two times in quick succession, its propeller and lower skag ripping across the backs of the unseen manatees below.

 MANATEE AREA-IDLE SPEED.

 *30 Greyhound racing is a form of entertainment which results in the slaughter of 30,000 greyhounds each year, ac­cording to the International Society for Animal Rights.

The carnage starts in the quest for fast animals, which requires that many animals are born so that a few with a money making potential materialize. A dog that doesn’t qualify is destroyed: the fate, perhaps, of fifty percent of all puppies. Those allowed to live must be trained and are introduced to “blooding.” Cats, kittens, chickens, and rabbits are a living incentive to coax greyhounds to run faster. The helpless terrified live lures are torn to pieces by the greyhounds. Painful injuries are very common and endured by many dogs as long as they race. They are also drugged, beaten, and starved by their human owners to make them run faster.

When they fail to perform as expected they are cast aside and replaced. Thousands of greyhounds are shot, abandoned, left to starve and dehydrate, electrocuted, beaten to death, and sold to vivisection laboratories. Their crime? They are “only animals.”